Stavropol area. A historical-geographic region about Russian Federation located in the central area away from Subcaucasia, between the Kuban Lake (and you will Kuban region) towards the western, this new Terek part on the the southern part of, new Wear region toward northern, the Kalmyk Autonomous Republic towards the northeast, additionally the countries of Caucasian hill peoples south and you may southwest. The Stavropol part fundamentally corresponds in the territory into previous Stavropol gubernia (in its 18611920 line, 59,five hundred sq . kilometres) and the afterwards Stavropol krai, shorter this new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five-hundred sq kilometres).
Real geography. The big part of the Stavropol part is actually occupied from the Stavropol Upland; the slight piece enjoys areas of brand new Caspian Lowland in the east, the Kuma-Manych Despair regarding the northern, plus the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains about southwestern. New weather of Stavropol area are transformation, out-of moderate continental about western so you can more dry and a lot more continental on the eastern. The higher of these include the Yegorlyk (which streams with the Manych), the new Kalaus, the fresh new Kuma, together with Kuban and its own upper tributaries, the fresh new Velykyi Zelenchuk additionally the Malyi Zelenchuk (see Zelenchuk rivers). River water can be used having irrigation. Brief, mostly saline lakes are plentiful; the biggest is the thin but 160-km-enough time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless situated Stavropol region stayed sparsely populated from the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a great Turkic-speaking anyone) and you will Kalmyk somebody (a Mongol-talking classification), exactly who together designated on the 80,000
The new earth on west and you will central part of the Stavropol part try various chernozems and you can chestnut earth; toward east and you will northeast it feel light chestnut. This new pure plants in addition to change eastward having decreasing moisture, of meadow fescuefeather yard steppe so you’re able to inactive fescuefeather yard steppe then semidesert plants of wormwood, deceased fescue, and you may feather lawn. From the a great deal more humid a portion of the Stavropol Upland plus in the new Caucasus hills the new sheer plant life is tree-steppe with pine-hornbeam-beech forests. Now both steppe together with forest-steppe are nearly completely removed to have agriculture.
History. On middle-16th century this new Caucasus together with Stavropol region started to already been with the experience of Muscovite colonization. Regarding 16th and you may seventeenth ages Subcaucasia knowledgeable the fresh roots out-of Cossack colonization (the brand new Wear Cossacks from the western as well as the Terek Cossacks from inside the brand new eastern). Caucasian slope individuals, brand new Karachai plus the Cherkess, stayed in brand new mountain tops of the part.
Early in the brand new 18th century the new Stavropol part nominally became a portion of the Russian Empire. Long lasting settlements, yet not, just weren’t centered till the last one-fourth of century, when, inside 177780, the brand new Russian regulators established a type of forts, new Mozdok-Azov line, with head office during the Stavropol, so you can hold the Caucasian slope Г©pouse SlovГЁne peoples. Of the 1785 this new Stavropol area shaped element of Caucasus oblast, which had been redesignated a gubernia during the 1802. Following multiple term transform it absolutely was appointed since the Stavropol gubernia from inside the 1847. Their limitations was in fact in the long run repaired during the 1861, if it was broke up away from Terek oblast. Compared with Kuban oblast and you can Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (due to the fact 1898) wasn’t element of Caucasus krai.
Up until the 1930s new Stavropol region are settled by each other Ukrainians and you will Russians, and you can constituted part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The fresh new Russian authorities marketed the newest rapid colonization of one’s Stavropol area so you’re able to establish a bottom having military procedures regarding Caucasus. Part of you to point are achieved by the granting of preference tracts away from residential property to Russian noblemen, just who compensated them with its serfs. A far more extreme cause of colonization, but not, are the latest natural payment by the state peasants who had been unimpeded by the fresh main regulators. In reality the new purple authorities legalized extant states on the ukase from 1804 and you will given service to people who’d settled for the brand new Stavropol region. Towards the end of your own 1850s the people away from Stavropol gubernia had risen to 340,000 (5.5 individuals for every single sq kilometer). Its just town, Stavropol, became from around 3,000 owners for the 1800 so you’re able to 17,600 citizens during the 1853. Many heavily paid parts have been brand new steppes between your Yegorlyk plus the Kalaus canals additionally the Kalaus River valley. The population from Stavropol gubernia (also Terek oblast) in 1853 contains forty eight.7 % Cossacks, 32 % state peasants, sixteen.dos per cent nomadic herders, and you will 3.one percent serfs while others.
